Endomitosis in Drosophila Virilis

Background & Purpose Endomitosis is a variant of the cell cycle that leads to the production of up to a thousand copies of the genome. During this process, the cell does not divide but the chromosomes increase in size as the number of copies of genes increases. The purpose of...

Noah’s Floods: Development of the Grand Canyon Rocks

The solar system is believed to have majorly contributed to the formation of the Earth when a cloud of massive swirling dust and gas condensed through a supercooling. Earth has evolved over 4.5 billion years, after such occurrences of massive cooling (Hill, 2016). The solid formed is the current core...

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The Big Bang: Review and Analysis

The origin of the universe remains a mystery. For instance, several cultures have advanced myths explaining the origin of the universe during early civilization. According to the Chinese myth, for example, the universe originated when a ‘great creator hatched from an egg’. The universe as we know was borne from...

Identification and Review of Bacteria: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Introduction Microbiological examination of samples is a qualitative tool for their identification. Moreover, with the help of developed methods of laboratory analysis, it becomes possible not only to determine the belonging of a microorganism to a particular taxon but also to establish the strain identification of the sample in the...

Qualitative Research of Alcoholism in the U.S.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010), 11% of alcohol consumed in the USA is drunk by adolescents, and 90% of it is consumed in the form of binge drinking. The main idea of this paper is to define five approaches to qualitative research, analyze them and...

Importance of a Research Guidelines

Research design is very critical in determining the validity, reliability, and generalizability of the findings. For the research findings to be credible, they must pass statistical tests of validity, reliability, and generalizability. Since positivists support the use of empirical evidences in the criminal justice system, they apply statistical tests quantitatively...

How Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry is Used in Drug Screening

Introduction Liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) were developed as an alternative way of testing other than GC/MS which was used to do tests of nonvolatile liquids. GC/MS is gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Tsuchihashi 2005). LC/MS is used in forensic testing and clinical toxicology. When correct phases of either mobile...

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Riding the Bull at Gilley’s” by Scully

Scully and Marolla discussed psychopathological assumptions on the conduct, psychological processes, and instincts of rapists. They found out that the psychopathological model of rapists’ behavior views rape as a result of mental dysfunction and claims that rapists are always unwell and lack self-control. Research indicated that male sexual vigor is...

Physics: Hooke’s Law

Introduction Mechanical physics allows investigating the nature of dynamic processes occurring routinely in solid objects. Using the principles of mechanics, it becomes possible to carry out theoretical calculations, determine the permissible rate of loading, and predict the deformation of bodies when they are subjected to physical impact. Thus, Hooke’s law...

Confidence Intervals: Coefficient and Constants

Confidence interval (IC) is a type of interval estimate of a population constant. lt is used to ascertain the reliability of a statistical estimate. Rather than estimating a constant using a single value, a range is determined that includes the constant. The interval between the constants is measured by the...

Evolution of Humans and Natural Selection

It is a common belief in contemporary society that with technological advancement people are exempt from natural selection. This is due to the fact that individuals are provided with a wide range of possibilities to adapt to the modern environment, survive, and reproduce. However, there is still a question to...

Mathematics: The Movement of an Engine Piston

Abstract Many people sit comfortably inside a car and enjoy this amazing technology without understanding the driving force behind the motion of a car. Moreover, others may have opened the hood of a car and wondered how this confusing jumble-like metallic structure called the engine, fitted with a mesh of...

Beauty of Life: A Scientific Approach

Introduction Life is a beautiful thing. However, the beauty of life is usually analyzed in a few basic physical factors without the incorporation of our basic human form. Socially, the beauty of life is analyzed from a general point of view like human relationships, love, generosity, material enjoyment, magnificent landmarks,...

Nature vs. Nurture: Child Obesity

Introduction Child obesity is a major health issue, which is becoming more prominent and severe. It is important to note that one of the most commonly accepted ideas is based on the environment and its related factors. However, the overall impact of one’s genes should not be overlooked because it...

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The Investigation of Aging on a Molecular Level

Introduction There are two categories of theories on ageing namely the damage based theory which explains that aging may be caused by low metabolism or inefficient immune system that occurs over a long period of time. The programmed theory suggests that tough environmental factors may lead to aging and death...

Research Article Critique: Using Evidence-Based Practice to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Introduction Sedwick, Lance-Smith, Reeder, and Nardi’s (2012) main apprehension was the increasing rate of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in critical care patients. Ventilator-associated pneumonia is currently becoming one of the common complications among the Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) not only within the United States but also around the world. Therefore, VAP is...

Basic Neural Units of the Brain

Neurotransmitters are specialized cells that function to transfer information from one nerve, gland, or muscle cell to another. Across the membrane of the neuron cells, there is a difference in charge termed as the membrane potential. Neuro resting potential is the electrical potential difference of the membrane in a non-excited...

Magnolia Grandiflora: Organism Profile

Summary The following paper is a profile of the Magnolia tree, and it addresses its background, origin, and biological attributes. It will examine the life cycle of the tree in addition to its reproductive system, and carry out a study on the plant’s evolutional history. Under evolution, it will focus...

Data Structure: Statistical Analysis

Is the Data Suitable for Analysis? Although the structure of the data appears normal (observations are stored in one record each; replications have separate records; each variable has its own field, which is always in the same column, etc.), not all the variables from the file “Data 02 (1).sav” are...

Inhibition of the Fur Gene by Mutation as Potential Antimicrobial Target in Escherichia Coli

Abstract Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents is a growing challenge for the development of chemotherapeutic agents. E. coli is a Gram-negative bacteria that contain pathogenic strains that lead to various illnesses including infections of the respiratory system, urinary tract and gastrointestinal system. Previous studies have reported that small molecules are...

Genetically Modified Fish: The Threats and Benefits

This article’s purpose is to evaluate possible harm and advantages of GM fish. At the beginning of this article, the author notices that the twentieth century’s green revolution may have been the most significant improvement in people’s lives (Muir, 2004). However, there was an enormous increase only in agriculture; as...

Toxoplasma Gondii Life Cycle

Comparison between tachyzoites and bradyzoites During the various stages of a lifecycle, a parasite goes through various cellular stages that are characterized by different morphology, behavior, function, and biochemistry. Tachyzoites and bradyzoites are stages in the lifecycle of T. gondii. In each of the stages, the parasite differs in shape,...

The Boston and Memphis Data Comparison: Municipalities

Introduction A city’s statistics can tell much information about it, especially if done in comparison. A chronological contrast reveals various changes or potential stagnations while comparing two metropolises can assist in choosing where to move in. Boston and Memphis are the cities with a similar population but different histories and...

Web-Based Organizational Discourses: Climate Change

The article of Smart (2010) discussed in the present paper pertains to the investigation of collective argumentation formation within the process of interaction with organizations holding similar and opposite opinions and viewpoints. The discourse relationships observed as an object for the present research are found across the network of texts...

Qualitative Research Question

Conducting qualitative research requires observing some essential conditions that are the key to successful work and obtaining credible results. One of these principles is methodological coherence which, as Mayan (2009) argues, makes it possible to “ensure congruence between your epistemological and ontological viewpoint” (p. 13). However, this principle is not...

Post-Translational Modification of Proteins

Introduction Post-translational modification is the process by which a protein (polypeptide) is modified chemically after it has gone through the third stage of protein biosynthesis. This third stage is referred to as translation. It is part of the whole process of gene expression. Basically, a protein is made up of...

Use of Mass Spectrometry with Gas Chromatography

Gas chromatography (GC) is a technique used to separate, identify and quantify analytes in a mixture. A gas chromatograph consists of an injector, column (packed or capillary), oven, and detector. The main manufacturers of gas chromatographs supply the following types of detectors: micro-electron capture detector (micro-ECD), flame ionization detector (FID),...

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Nervous System, Cognition, and Behavior of Humans

The nervous system of any human consists of two elements — central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS), with the brain and spinal cord being the two parts of CNS and nerves being a part of PNS. The primary function of these systems is to collect data from the body and generate...

Chlorine Exposure in the Human Body

Introduction Chlorine is element number 17 and is found in group 17 and period 3 of the periodic table. It is a greenish-yellow pungent, poisonous gas, and is very reactive. it has two isotopes; one with a mass number of 35 and an abundance of 75.75% and the other one...

The Main Methods of Conducting a Needs Assessment for Veterans

The assigned article is a detailed analysis of the main methods to use in conducting a needs assessment for veterans. It provides a sound analysis of the possible data collection methods to use while doing so and outlines key research questions for conducting this analysis. After reading the article, a...

Difference Between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Organic substances and compounds are chemical compounds that include carbon atoms. This includes proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids, and other compounds that are not found in inanimate nature. Different types of cells may consist of various amounts of organic compounds. For example, plant cells contain more carbohydrates, and animal cells...

The Types of Research Methods

Introduction Not all types of data analysis help determine how one variable impact the other. In some cases, the researchers use methods suitable for showing that there is a correlation between variables or that there is none. However, this does not provide insight into understanding how one issue may be...

Agriculture Development and Related Theories

Domestication Models Two Agricultural Theories That Oppose Each Other There are two main domestication models used to describe the development of agriculture. Some scientists strongly believe hunter-gatherers first cultivated wild plants by putting random wild seeds in the ground near their homes. The first approach supports the idea that domestication...

Venezuela. Physical Geography. Economics Issues

Venezuela is located in the northern end of South America, with an area spanning approximately 354 thousand square miles. It has a 1,700-mile coastline bordering the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, administering a number of islands and archipelagos in those bodies of water. Venezuela is divided into three elevations...

Various Variables That Impact on Education

Introduction Statistics has been applied in major attributes of human life Thus it has been deemed of paramount significance for students especially in major areas that impact on human existence to have a strong statistical and analytic background. The essay thus is a close statistical examination of education based on...

Trichoderma Reesei as a Mesophilic Fungus

Introduction Trichoderma Reesei is a mesophilic fungus which is usually known for its high ability to secrete cellulotytic enzymes (Hi138, 2006). It is majorly used in many industrial processes especially in the conversion of cellulose to glucose, large scale fermentation, down strain process engineering and the process of developing genetically...

Data Collection Tools, Methods, and Challenges in Research

Data Collection Tools Used in Qualitative Research Qualitative researches are “useful towards revealing the perceptions and behaviours of different populations” (Garbarino & Holland, 2009, p. 7). Such studies are critical because they make it easier for researchers to construct their hypotheses. This research approach produces descriptive results. Researchers can use...

Structures of the Respiratory System

The respiratory system comprises various structures and respiratory centers that facilitate effective respiration. Three of these structures are the nose, pharynx and larynx. The nose constitutes a visible external nose and an internal nasal cavity. The nose performs several crucial functions that condition the air before it enters the pharynx....

Categories of Observational Studies: Overview

Introduction Case-control studies and cohort studies are both categories of observational studies and are the most important types of study designs that can serve either similar or different purposes. If designed effectively, observational studies are able to provide results that are similar to the results achieved in randomized controlled trials,...

Is PCR the Most Important Invention in Molecular Biology to Date?

Fridell (2005, p.8) defines Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as a scientific technique that is applied in molecular biology to amplify a single or specified number of DeoxyRiboNucleic acids. In addition, Park (2004, p.587) claims the PCR technique is used to produce a large number of copies of a particular specific...

Increase the Rate of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among African American

To obtain more precise results on the selected healthcare problem, the student altered the PICOT question from a foreground to a background one. Thus, the PICOT question is, “In pregnant African American women (P), will an educational program (I) compared to no education (C) increase the rate of breastfeeding (O)...

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid and Ribonucleic Acid

The very miracle of life on the earth is seen in DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) molecules which contain all the important information needed for the formation of any particular living organism on the planet. DNA alone, though it cannot create life by itself, contains all the...

Smallpox Vaccines & the Future

It is unimaginable what could be the situation at the present if the smallpox vaccine had not been discovered. One development that has been hailed to save mankind from a dreaded disease is the discovering of the vaccine. From the audio interview, Richard Preston author of “Demon in the Freezer”...

Isolation of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci From Stool Specimens

Background Prevalence rates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) associated with serious clinical infections has been on the rise worldwide for over the past 15 years. Control measures being taken primarily entail the detection of non-infected but gut-colonized patients that might suspected to be harboring the VRE. The use of improved cultural-based...

DNA and the Birth of Molecular Genetics

The birth of molecular genetics has been significant in furthering the knowledge concerning the cell’s coding of information. Assuredly, the cell is responsible for carrying out specific functions in the body. Inside the cell is the nucleus, which contains the deoxyribonucleic acid accountable for carrying out the transcription and replication...

The Process of Muscle Contraction

For muscles to contract, the muscle fiber creates tension within itself. This tension is brought up by the action of myosin and actin cross-bridging sequence. Contraction in muscles generally means the generation of tension by the muscles with the help of neurons (Starr, Beverly 108). “The sliding-filament theory of muscle...

Analysis of Triacylglycerols from linseed by LC-MS

Introduction The Triaclyglyceral compounds refer to the group of lipids found in plants and animals; that are easily metabolized to acetyl coenzyme as they are twisters of glycerol as the main constituent of compounds. In most cases, the basic structures of most prevalent triaclyglycerals are not complex; but are composed...

Markov Chains Overview and Analysis

Introduction to Markov chains A Markov chain is a stochastic (random) process representing systems comprising multiple states with transitional probabilities between them. A stochastic process is a “mathematical model, which is scientifically proven, that advances in subsequent series that is from time to time in a probabilistic manner” (Miller &...

Generalizing Study Results

Explaining the Sample The case study titled “Social Work Research: Program Evaluation” focused on assisting low-income families. Plummer et al. (2014) mention that analyzing case studies is efficient in developing skills and expertise in social work, and this discussion is used to improve competency in sampling techniques. The program evaluation...

The Concept of Deterministic and Probabilistic Methods

In various industries, calculation and forecasting techniques are applied to identify the relevant outcomes and consequences of decisions or interventions. In particular, the two most common approaches are utilized – deterministic and probabilistic. According to Muriana and Vizzini (2017), one of the main values ​​of deterministic models is an opportunity...

Trichoderma Reesei as a Useful Fungus

Introduction The impact of biotechnology is being felt increasingly in modern days across several sectors and disciplines. Biotechnology can be defined as any technological application that makes use of biological systems or living things with an aim of making or altering products or given processes for specified purposes (Thieman &...

Geological Changes on Earth in Different Eras

The scientific investigation of Earth has led to the formation of theories that explain how the planet as it is now changed over time. The archeological evidence, fossils, the placement of volcanoes, and glaciers serve as evidential proofs that provided the basis for the Plate Tectonics Theory. Importantly, the form...

Biostatistics: Bayesian and Frequentist Approaches Frequency of Use

Overview of Bayesian and frequentist approaches The research methods may be chosen by the researchers to influence the results of the investigation which can be later compared for different types of research methods. In this respect, the effectiveness of the method selected for the trial depends on the appropriateness of...

Archimedes’ Principle Experiment: Determining Gravity of Objects

Experimental Objectives To determine the specific gravity of different metallic objects that are denser than water To determine specific gravity of a liquid To determine the specific gravity of wood which is less dense which water is denser that it Theory By definition, density ρ0 of a substance is “a...

Professional and General Definitions of the ESD Static

Many biostatisticians use statistical data analysis techniques to make sense of the data collected and provide responses to the issues identified in their research studies. However, it has been realized that data sets used to undertake the statistical analysis contain a multiplicity of outliers that may distort the statistical conclusions...

Determination of Appropriate Forecasting of Methods

Executive Summary The analysis of sales data of five products (1-5) offers important information regarding their structure, appropriate models of the forecast, and prediction of demand. The attributes of product 1 indicated that it has a cyclical structure without seasonality and trend. Based on these attributes, SMA and SES were...

Using Graphics for Visualization of Data

In a study, a film director sought to establish factors that influence the popularity of films. As a research design, the study examined the impact of gender and the type of film on psychological arousal. Gender and the type of film are two independent variables, whereas psychological arousal is the...

Using Both Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

Benefits of using mixed methods research Many research studies adopt mixed methods approaches in their study designs that employ both quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative methods are concerned with collection and analysis of data (numbers) using statistical tests. On the other hand, qualitative methods are concerned with collection and analysis...

Statistical Work in Manager Practice

The work of a statistician is closely connected with possible risks of sampling error; therefore, it is always important to approach the study of statistical data wholly and objectively. Thanks to the theory, which includes several analytical tools of sample assessment, specialists can check whether the data obtained during the...

Protein Stability: Biochemistry

Introduction The stability of proteins determines the correlation between structure and function. Protein stability also plays a role in various properties such as aggregation, solubility, and protein-protein interactions. The stability of proteins is a necessary attribute in cells, as seen in various mechanisms such as unfolded-protein response machines, whose role...

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Available literature demonstrates that malaria is a foremost public concern and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world’s most under-developed nations and some regions in developed nations (Ayele, Zewotir, & Mwambi, 2014). The occurrence of malaria, according to these authors, is related to deprived socioeconomic circumstances as...

Period 3 Elements Reacting with Oxygen and Chlorine

The Aim of the Experiment The objectives of the experiment were to study chemical trends of elements in period 3 of the periodic table by reacting with oxygen and chlorine and consequently examining the oxides and chlorides formed. Introduction Chemists developed and organized the periodic table to demonstrate the recurring...

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Introduction It is accepted that the collection of research data should have a definite purpose. It is important to develop a research question matching the data to provide a meaningful result. A good research question is not just interesting but should be grounded in the analysis of evidence (Lipowski, 2008)....

Chemical Reactions of the Period 3 Elements

The Aim of the Experiment This paper presents an experiment that was conducted to determine the activity of reaction of period three elements with Oxygen, Chlorine the reactions of the third row Chlorides and Oxides. The main aim of this experiment was to determine the optimum pH level. Introduction List...

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The use of both qualitative and quantitative research designs is critical for different professionals, including nurses. This paper is aimed at discussing the primary strengths and weaknesses of each approach. This discussion can be important for medical workers who need to know how to examine the most important problems affecting...

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Background for the research Researching the influence of sustained tilt on the mass transfer of CO2 in a packed column, the basics of the floating production systems are going to be considered. One of the unit operations onboard floating systems is the gas-liquid contacting columns used to strip gases such...

Yellowstone Caldera Pose: Threat to the US

Volcanoes have always been one of the central discussion matters in terms of geology and natural sciences in general. One of the reasons behind such interest is the fact that volcanoes have an extraordinary ability to deform over time, with the deformations being caused by various reasons such as subsurface...

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The development of ecosystems is affected by various physical, biological, and chemical agents, and these effects can be both positive and negative. It is noteworthy that in the majority of cases this is an adverse impact. For instance, such physical agents as oil spills or surface plastic debris can be...

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In 1996, the successful cloning of a sheep stirred a tremendous debate around the ethics of this practice and its implications for the future of humankind. Indeed, once, cloning from a single adult somatic cell without sexual reproduction used to only exist in science fiction. Before 1996, not once had...

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Introduction The problem is stated unambiguously, it is easy to identify, and it builds on a cogent and persuasive argument for the new study. Additionally, the problem has significance for nursing as it addresses issues that nurses face in their day-to-day care activities. There is also a good match between...

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